IRRIGATION ENGINEERING –I (BTCE-405)

1. INTRODUCTION:Importance of Irrigation Engineering, purposes of Irrigation,
objectives of Irrigation, Benefits of Irrigation, Advantages of various techniques of irrigation-
- Furrow Irrigation, Boarder strip Irrigation, Basin Irrigation, Sprinkler Irrigation , Drip
Irrigation.

2. METHODS OF IRRIGATION:Advantages and disadvantages of irrigation, water
requirements of crops, factors affecting water requirement, consumptive use of water, water
depth or delta , Duty of water, Base Period, relation between delta, duty and base period, Soil
crop relation-ship and soil fertility.

3. CANAL IRRIGATION:Classifications of canals, canal alignment, Inundation canals,
Bandhara irrigation, advantages and disadvantages, Silt theories-Kennedy's theory, Lacey's
theory, Drawbacks in Kennedy's & Lacey's theories, comparison of Lacey's and Kennedy's
theories, Design of unlined canals based on Kennedy & Lacey's theories.

4. LINED CANALS:Types of lining, selection of type of lining, Economics of lining,
maintenance of lined canals, silt removal, strengthening of channel banks, measurement of
discharge in channels, design of lined canals, methods of providing drainage behind lining.

5. LOSSES IN CANALS, WATER LOGGING AND DRAINAGE:Losses in canals-
Evaporation and seepage, water logging, causes and ill effects of water logging anti wter
logging measures. Drainage of land, classification of drains - surface and subsurface drains,
Design considerations for surface drains, Advantages and maintenance of tile drains.

6. INVESTIGATION AND PREPARATION OF IRRIGATION PROJECTS:
Classification of project, Project preparation-investigations, Design of works and
drawings,concept of multi - purpose projects, Major, Medium and miner projects, planing of
an irrigation project, Economics & financing of irrigation works. Documentation of project
report.

7. TUBE - WELL IRRIGATION :Types of tube wells - strainer type, cavity type and
slotted type. Type of strainers, Aquifer, porosity, uniformity coefficient, specific yield &
specific retention, coefficients of permeability,transmissibility and storage. Yield or discharge
of a tube well, Assumptions , Theim's & Dupuit’s formulae, Limitations of Theim's and
Dupuit's formulae. Interference of tube wells with canal or adjoining tube-wells, causes of
failure of tubewells, optimum capacity, Duty and delta of a tube well. Rehabilitation of
tubewell.

8. RIVER TRAINING WORKS:Objectives, classification of river-training works, Design
of Guide Banks. Groynes or spurs - Their design and classification ISI. Recommendations of
Approach embankments and afflux embankments, pitched Islands, Natural cut-offs and
Artificial cut-offs and design Considerations.